Wave energy, also known as ocean energy, is a form of renewable energy that is generated by harnessing the power of ocean waves. This energy is generated as the waves move across the surface of the ocean, creating a significant amount of kinetic energy.
Wave energy is considered a clean and renewable source of energy, as it does not produce emissions that contribute to air pollution or climate change. Additionally, wave energy is predictable, as the waves are driven by the winds, which can be accurately forecasted.
There are different types of wave energy systems, including point absorbers, terminator systems, and oscillating water columns. Point absorbers are devices that are placed on the surface of the water and move with the waves, converting the kinetic energy into electricity. Terminator systems are structures that are placed perpendicular to the waves, and use the motion of the waves to generate electricity. Oscillating water columns are structures that are placed on the shore, and use the motion of the waves to generate electricity.
However, wave energy also has its downsides, such as it requires specific locations, which limits the places where wave energy can be generated. Additionally, the construction of wave energy systems can have a significant environmental impact, including the potential for disrupting marine ecosystems.
Overall, wave energy is a clean and renewable source of energy that can be generated by harnessing the power of ocean waves. It can provide a predictable source of electricity, but it also has its environmental impacts that need to be considered.
Examples of wave energy power plants:
Sotenäs Wave Energy Plant, Sweden: Consists of four interconnected wave energy converters, each with a capacity of 250 kW. The converters use the oscillating water column technology to generate electricity from waves.
Mutriku Wave Energy Plant, Spain: Consists of 16 oscillating water column devices with a total capacity of 296 kW. It was the world’s first commercial wave energy plant, and it has been in operation since 2011.
Aguçadoura Wave Farm, Portugal: Consists of three Pelamis Wave Energy Converters with a total capacity of 2.25 MW. It was the world’s first wave farm to connect to the grid, and it operated from 2008 to 2009.
Wave Hub, United Kingdom: A grid-connected offshore facility that allows developers to test wave energy devices. It has the capacity to connect up to 20 MW of wave energy devices to the grid.
WaveRoller Power Plant, Portugal: Consists of three WaveRoller devices with a total capacity of 1.5 MW. It is located off the coast of Peniche and has been in operation since 2019.